
Kindergeld - Help with Family Allowance
We specialise in the comprehensive handling of applications for German child benefit. We provide full legal support and representation before the Familienkasse. We have been assisting in successfully obtaining Kindergeld benefits for 15 years.
Our services include:
Comprehensive application assistance
We help you to fill in all the documents correctly, complete the attachments and successfully submit your application for Kindergeld.
Representation before the German authorities
We provide full representation before the Familienkasse, conducting correspondence and looking after your interests at every stage of the proceedings.
Assistance in appeals against decisions
We assist in the process of appealing adverse decisions by providing professional legal advice and representation.
Advice in Polish and German
We offer a full service in both languages, ensuring clear communication and understanding of all aspects of the case.
Quick online advice
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- Kindergeld is one of the most popular benefits enjoyed by Poles who are employed in Germany. The granting of the Kindergeld benefit is not automatic - in order to obtain it, you need to submit a special application with the relevant attachments and fulfil the conditions for its granting. Before you apply for Kindergeld, it is worth making sure that you meet the requirements for its granting, otherwise the German authority may refuse to grant you this benefit. What's more, if you claim Kindergeld in contravention of the law, even if you are granted it, the German authority may demand its retrospective repayment, which can result in a repayment of several to several thousand euros! So read our post today, check whether you are entitled to Kindergeld and avoid the risk of receiving Kindergeld as an undue benefit.
Current Kindergeld rates
Od 1 stycznia 2023 roku stawka Kindergeld wynosi 250€ miesięcznie na każde dziecko, niezależnie od liczby dzieci w rodzinie.
Kindergeld - what does it consist of?
Kindergeld jest świadczeniem w gruncie rzeczy porównywalnym do polskiego świadczenia rodzinnego 500+, znacząco różni się od niego jednak wysokością – sumy uzyskiwane z Kindergeld są bowiem wyższe niż równowartość 500 złotych. Kindergeld to świadczenie pieniężne zasadniczo przysługujące rodzicowi zatrudnionemu w Niemczech lub prowadzącemu na terytorium Niemiec działalność gospodarczą (tzw. Gewerbe). Gdy rodzic spełni wszystkie warunki określone w przepisach prawnych, złoży odpowiednio wypełniony wniosek oraz załączniki, a wniosek ten zostanie pozytywnie rozpatrzony, uzyskuje się prawo do zasiłku Kindergeld, co skutkuje comiesięcznymi wpłatami na konto bankowe, w wysokości kilkuset euro miesięcznie (konkretna kwota zależy prawa do pobierania Kindergeld w całości lub w części, o czym będzie jeszcze mowa w dalszej części wpisu).
When are you entitled to Kindergeld?
Kindergeld is available to a parent in specific situations indicated in the law. A prerequisite for obtaining Kindergeld is that you have a so-called unlimited tax liability. What does this mean? In simplest terms, the parent must reside on German territory and pay taxes there on all his or her income. The fact of residence in Germany usually has to be proven by presenting an appropriate document in the form of a confirmation of residence in Germany (the so-called Meldebestätigung). If the requirement of unlimited tax liability is not fulfilled, it is necessary to work on German territory for a German employer or to carry out a German business there in order to obtain Kindergeld. As an exception, parents who are neither resident in Germany nor have unlimited tax liability may obtain Kindergeld if they are compulsorily insured with the German Bundesagentur für Arbeit (Federal Employment Agency), work as volunteers or missionaries, work for German institutions abroad or receive a German pension. As each case is different and can be assessed differently due to minor differences, if you are in doubt as to whether you are entitled to Kindergeld, it is best to consult a specialist. If one of the above requirements is met and you are entitled to Kindergeld, it remains for you to submit a special application together with the relevant attachments. As far as the aforementioned annexes are concerned, one of them is the annex "Kind", which refers to the child for whom the parent wishes to obtain the benefit. The rule applies here: as many children - as many annexes. Therefore, if you are applying for a benefit for more than one child, you must remember to submit a correspondingly larger number of annexes. Careful attention should also be paid to the completion of documents to be attached to the application in order to demonstrate the circumstances concerning, inter alia, the income received. The documents you enclose are important and will be the basis for the authority to decide whether you are entitled to a benefit and how much.
Which parent will receive Kindergeld?
Należy pamiętać, że Kindergeld może pobierać tylko jeden z rodziców. W sytuacji, kiedy rodzice zamieszkują wspólnie z dzieckiem muszą porozumieć się co do tego, kto będzie pobierał świadczenie. W sytuacji, gdy rodzice dziecka mieszkają osobno świadczenie będzie wypłacane temu z rodziców, z którym dziecko stale mieszka. Jeżeli dziecko nie mieszka na stałe z żadnym z rodziców, ponieważ np. sprawują oni po równo pieczę naprzemienną, wówczas Kindergeld będzie przysługiwał osobie, która pokrywa koszty utrzymania dziecka w najszerszym zakresie.
W sytuacji, gdy rodzic, któremu przysługuje uprawnienie do pobierania Kindergeld nie płaci na rzecz dziecka alimentów albo płaci je w zaniżonej kwocie, wówczas drugi z rodziców wychowujący dziecko może złożyć do Familienkasse wniosek, aby Kindergeld był wypłacany jemu. Co więcej, w sytuacji, kiedy Kindergeld nie jest jeszcze przyznany, rodzic mieszkający z dzieckiem w Polsce, nawet gdy sam nie spełnia warunków dla otrzymania Kindergeld, może złożyć wniosek o przyznanie świadczenia w związku z tym, że drugi z rodziców warunki do przyznania Kindergeld spełnia – chodzi tutaj głównie o sytuacje, gdy jeden z rodziców pracuje w Niemczech i nie płaci alimentów na dziecko, a drugi z rodziców mieszka z dzieckiem w Polsce.
Until when can Kindergeld be collected?
Zasadą jest, że Kindergeld należy się na każde dziecko do momentu ukończenia przez dziecko 18. roku życia. Od zasady tej zostały jednak przewidziane wyjątki: jeżeli dziecko jest bezrobotne, wówczas Kindergeld przysługuje do 21. roku życia. Jeżeli po osiągnięciu pełnoletniości dziecko nadal się kształci wówczas Kindergeld przysługuje do 25. roku życia. Jeżeli dziecko wykonuje pracę wakacyjną w pełnym wymiarze albo wykonuje pracę w innym okresie niż wakacyjny i jest to praca w wymiarze do 20 godzin tygodniowo z wynagrodzeniem do 450€ brutto (tzw. Minijob) wówczas w dalszym ciągu rodzic jest uprawniony do pobierania Kindergeld.
Również dziecko, które jest sierotą lub nie zna miejsca pobytu swoich rodziców, a ukończyło 18 lat, może otrzymać Kindergeld na samego siebie. Dziecko zasadniczo musi jednak mieć miejsce zamieszkania lub zwykłego pobytu na terytorium Niemiec. Jeżeli jednak mieszka w innym państwie Unii Europejskiej Kindergeld będzie mu przysługiwać, jeżeli pobiera niemiecką rentę np. rodzinną. Świadczenie Kindergeld będzie jednak należne dziecku tylko wtedy, gdy nie ma innych osób, które mogłyby w jego imieniu starać się o uzyskanie tego świadczenia, w szczególności rodziców adopcyjnych.
Familienkasse as granting authority for the Kindergeld benefit
It is worth briefly mentioning the German authority that handles Kindergeld cases. This body is the Familienkasse, which examines applications for Kindergeld, makes the payment of the benefit and also verifies the situation of persons entitled to Kindergeld on an ongoing basis; it may request the submission of relevant documents also during the receipt of the benefit and may demand repayment of benefits that have been taken unduly. Please note that letters sent by the Familienkasse to persons applying for Kindergeld or already receiving it are always written in German, and any letters received from the Familienkasse must also be answered in German. The competence of the Familienkasse is regionalised - the application for Kindergeld should be submitted to the Familienkasse responsible for the place of residence of the person making the application. If you apply for it if you live in Poland, the Familienkasse in Chemnitz will be responsible. A practical tip is to send the documents enclosed with the application for Kindergeld to the Familienkasse in the form of copies and not originals - the only exceptions to this are the annexes to the application and other documents that the Familienkasse expressly requires to be submitted in the original, such as a certificate from a German employer (Bescheinigung des Arbeitsgebers). For all other documentation, such as the child's birth certificate, good quality copies must be submitted.
How high is the Kindergeld benefit?
As of 1 January 2023, changes have been introduced that will result in a benefit of €250 per child. This amount will be due for each child regardless of how many of them the parent is receiving Kindergeld for. It should be noted that this is still a more attractive amount than the Polish parental benefit, even if, as announced, it will be increased to PLN 800. However, it should be remembered that in the case of meeting the requirements for collecting both the Polish benefit and the German Kindergeld, it is not a free choice that applies here, but specific rules indicated in the provisions on the coordination of social benefits, which will be discussed below. Failure to comply with these rules may result in the obligation to reimburse one of the benefits.
Kindergeld, 500+, KRUS insurance and differential supplement - how do I combine these?
In a situation where it is possible to obtain both Kindergeld and a Polish child-rearing benefit for the same child, the question arises as to which of the two can be obtained, so as not to expose oneself to a possible risk related to the obligation to return the unduly collected benefit. These questions are regulated by the provisions on the coordination of social security systems. In the case of overlapping entitlement to benefits, the general rule is that the country of priority will always be the country where the entitled parent works or is self-employed and where the child for whom the parent wishes to receive benefits lives. Thus, if the child's father works in Germany and the mother, who is not working, and the child live in Poland, the family will be entitled to the full Kindergeld benefit. However, the situation will be different if the mum who lives with the child in Poland is also in employment. Then, Poland will be the country of priority and the Polish child benefit will be the one the family should apply for first. However, due to the fact that the child's father works in Germany and the fact that the Kindergeld is a higher benefit than the Polish parental benefit, there will be a possibility to obtain the so-called differential supplement, i.e. a benefit constituting the difference between the amount of the Kindergeld and the Polish parental benefit received (differential supplement = Kindergeld - amount of the Polish benefit). The amount the family will receive will be essentially the same as the amount that would have been received by drawing the Kindergeld itself, but it will come from two sources - the German Famlienkasse and the Polish Social Insurance Institution.
Częstym zagadnieniem, z którym zgłaszają się do nas nasi Klienci jest kwestia ubezpieczenia w KRUS. Należy bezwzględnie pamiętać, że osoba ubezpieczona w KRUS jako domownik rolnika traktowana jest przez niemiecką Famlienkasse jak osoba wykonująca działalność zarobkową – tym samym w takiej sytuacji należy w pierwszej kolejności starać się o polskie świadczenia wychowawcze, a dopiero w dalszej kolejności o dodatek dyferencyjny z tytułu pracy w Niemczech przez drugiego z rodziców dziecka. W przeciwnym razie, gdy będziemy pobierać Kindergeld w pełnej wysokości, Famlienkasse wyda decyzję zobowiązującą do zwrotu nienależnie pobranego świadczenia.
Kindergeld in questions and answers:
- 1. How much Kindergeld will I receive?
- As of 1 January 2023, Kindergeld rates have been standardised. If you are entitled to receive Kindergeld in full then you will receive €250 for each child.
- 2. do I get Kindergeld for a child who lives in Poland?
- If one parent works in Germany, he or she will receive Kindergeld (either in full or in the form of a differential supplement), even if the child lives permanently in Poland.
- 3. if my husband works in Germany will I receive Kindergeld?
- If the husband is employed under a German employment contract or runs a German business, Kindergeld can be claimed. However, this does not apply if the husband is merely posted to work in Germany and is employed under a Polish employment contract.
- 4. do I get Kindergeld if the child's father works in Germany but I have no contact with him?
- In such a situation, if the child's father does not pay child maintenance, the child's mother can apply for Kindergeld herself with payment to her. It is important to cite evidence in this regard to show that the child's father works in Germany (in particular, it is worth pointing out the German tax number).
- 5. can I claim Kindergeld and Polish parental benefit at the same time?
- These two benefits cannot be claimed simultaneously for the same child. Furthermore, it has to be determined which of the two should be claimed first. If you claim both allowances in full, the Famlienkasse will usually issue a decision requiring you to repay the allowance unduly received. Such a decision can also be issued by a Polish authority demanding the repayment of the Polish parental benefit.
- 6 When is a differential allowance due?
- The differential supplement is due if one parent works in Germany and the other in Poland, with the child living with the other parent in Poland. In this case, Poland will be the first country obliged to pay the child benefit, so you should first apply for the Polish child benefit. Then, you can apply for Kindergeld in the form of a differential supplement, i.e. the difference between the amount received from the Polish benefit and the full amount of Kindergeld.
- 7. When will I have to return the Kindergeld?
- The obligation to repay Kindergeld arises when the Familienkasse issues a decision to the effect that the benefit was unduly collected. The Familienkasse can demand repayment for up to 10 years back. This will be the case if the recipient of the Kindergeld did not meet the grounds for collecting it at all or if he collected the benefit in full, although he was only entitled to a differential supplement.
- 8. Will I receive Kindergeld for my child at university?
- Yes, if the child is studying Kindergeld is available until the child reaches the age of 25.
- 9. Why does the Familienkasse refuse to grant Kindergeld?
- There can be many reasons for a refusal to grant Kindergeld. It may be the incorrect completion of the application or failure to submit the relevant documents. The decision may also be the result of Famlienkasse mistakenly believing that the person does not meet the conditions for Kindergeld.
- 10. What do I do if the Famlienkasse refuses to grant Kindergeld?
- If the Familienkasse refuses to grant Kindergeld, such a decision can be appealed within 30 days of receipt, sometimes the Familienkasse also indicates a longer period for appeal. The appeal must be lodged with the competent Familienkasse. If the appeal is not upheld and the Famlienkasse upholds its decision, you can take legal action. In this case, it is a good idea to entrust the case to a lawyer specialising in German social security law and experienced in such proceedings.
- sekretariat@bktkancelaria.pl
- +48 606 608 089
- +49 15217679397
-
Ofiar Oświęcimskich 17,
50-069 Wrocław -
Littenstraße 108,
10179 Berlin
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